Thermodynamical Properties of Elementary Particles
From Universe in Problems
In the mid-forties G.A.~Gamov proposed the idea
of the "hot" origin of the World. Therefore thermodynamics
was introduced into cosmology, and nuclear physics too.
Before him the science of the evolution of Universe
contained only dynamics and geometry of the World.
A.D.Chernin.
| Particles | Mass | Number of states | $g$ (particles and anti-particles) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| spin | color | |||
| Photon ($\gamma$) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| $W^+,W^-$ | $80.4\, GeV$ | 3 | 1 | 6 |
| $Z$ | $91.2\,GeV$ | 3 | 1 | 3 |
| Gluon ($g$) | 0 | 2 | 8 | 16 |
| Higgs boson | $>114\, GeV$ | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Bosons | 28 | |||
| $u,/,\bar{u}$ | $3\, MeV$ | 2 | 3 | 12 |
| $d,/,\bar{d}$ | $6\, MeV$ | 2 | 3 | 12 |
| $s,/,\bar{s}$ | $100\,MeV$ | 2 | 3 | 12 |
| $c,/,\bar{c}$ | $1.2\,GeV$ | 2 | 3 | 12 |
| $b,/,\bar{b}$ | $4.2\, GeV$ | 2 | 3 | 12 |
| $t,/,\bar{t}$ | $175\,GeV$ | 2 | 3 | 12 |
| $e^+,\,e^-$ | $0.511\, MeV $ | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| $\mu^+,\,\mu^-$ | $105.7\,MeV$ | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| $\tau^+,\,\tau^-$ | $1.777\, GeV$ | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| $\nu_e,\,\bar{\nu_e}$ | $<3\,eV$ | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| $\nu_\mu,\,\bar{\nu_\mu}$ | $<0.19\,MeV $ | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| $\nu_\tau,\,\bar{\nu_\tau}$ | $<18.2\, MeV $ | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Fermions | 90 | |||
Contents
Problem 1
УСЛОВИЯ
solution
РЕШЕНИЕ
